MARYLAND, USA – SOFIA is upgrading the High-resolution Airborne Wideband Camera-Plus, or HAWC+ with four new detectors that will allow it to study magnetic fields in distant galaxies four times faster than its current rate.
SOFIA is a joint project of NASA and the German Aerospace Center. NASA’s Ames Research Center in California’s Silicon Valley manages the SOFIA program, science, and mission operations in cooperation with the Universities Space Research Association, headquartered in Columbia, Maryland, and the German SOFIA Institute at the University of Stuttgart. The aircraft is maintained and operated by NASA’s Armstrong Flight Research Center Building 703, in Palmdale, California.
“We want to speed up the pace of scientific discovery, and we can do that by making HAWC+ even better,” said Dr Margaret Meixner, director of Science Mission Operations at Universities Space Research Association. “This upgrade is part of a number of initiatives we’re implementing to take SOFIA into the future.”
The HAWC+ upgrade is expected to be completed by 2023 and is the first step in the proposed outline for future instrumentation of SOFIA, a joint project of NASA and the German Aerospace Center, DLR. Based on feedback from a scientifically diverse group of astronomers, two additional instruments are envisioned that will enhance SOFIA’s ability to make new discoveries.
HAWC+ is the only currently operating instrument in the world in an observatory that uses far-infrared light and has a polarimeter, a device that measures polarized light from celestial dust grains, to infer the shape and direction of magnetic fields.
Scientists are eager to learn more about the role magnetic fields play in shaping galaxies and the formation of stars,and observations like those SOFIA provides, using far infrared light, are critical to getting a clearer picture.
Flying at 40,000 feet and above the interfering layers of the atmosphere, SOFIA offers a one-of-a-kind platform for observing the infrared universe. Because it returns to the ground after each flight, its instruments can easily be exchanged, serviced or upgraded to harness new technologies that may one day be optimized to fly in space.
According to the roadmap published earlier, two new instruments envisioned for SOFIA include a highly sensitive spectrometer and a terahertz mapper. The highly sensitive sperctometer improves SOFIA’s ability to measure faint signals by a factor of ten.
With this spectometer, SOFIA could, for the first time, measure the mass of gas, water vapor and ice in the earliest phases of planet formation enabling astronomers to learn how planetary systems form. The new terahertz mapper would build on the success of another of SOFIA’s current flagship instruments, the German Receiver at Terahertz Frequencies, or GREAT, by using similar technology with 100 pixels–an increase from GREAT’s 14 pixels. This will allow the new instrument to make observations 14 times faster.
