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US sanctions enablers of Cuban regime’s arms imports and foreign military cooperation

CUBA / WASHINGTON – The Cuban Communist regime is a state sponsor of terrorism that uses its military and intelligence apparatus to spy on the United States, provide material support to violent radicals and terrorist groups, and spread poisonous Marxist ideology within our borders and polity, all while serving as a staging ground for other US adversaries such as Russia, China and Iran to conduct operations against the United States, says the US State Department in a press release Thursday.

“Cuba’s military and intelligence institutions are also the key enforcers of domestic repression and nodes of kleptocracy, notably through the military-run conglomerate Grupo de Administración Empresarial S.A. (GAESA). Today, the Trump administration is taking further action to protect our national security by sanctioning entities and individuals who facilitate Havana’s military relationships and the shipments of arms to the Cuban regime. 

“Pursuant to President Trump’s Executive Order (E.O.) 14404 of May 1, 2026, “Imposing Sanctions on Those Responsible for Repression in Cuba and for Threats to United States National Security and Foreign Policy,” I am designating five Cuban entities and eight individuals involved in the procurement of military equipment from abroad for the Cuban regime’s Ministry of the Revolutionary Armed Forces (MINFAR) and security forces.     

“The Trump administration will continue to use every tool at our disposal to address the national security threats posed by the Cuban Communist regime, and to drive economic and political reforms to give the Cuban people a better future.  As President Trump has said, his resolve is ironclad: the United States will not tolerate a rogue state harboring hostile foreign military, intelligence, and terror operations just ninety miles from the American homeland.” 

The Department’s actions are being taken pursuant to E.O. 14404, which authorizes sweeping sanctions on Cuba, including against persons who support the Cuban regime’s security apparatus and those responsible for repression in Cuba and other threats to U.S. national security. These actions also further both E.O. 14380, “Addressing Threats to the United States by the Government of Cuba” and National Security Presidential Memorandum 5 , which directs the Executive Branch to improve human rights, encourage the rule of law, foster free markets and free enterprise, and promote democracy in Cuba. For more information on today’s action, see the Department of State’s Fact Sheet.

Jamaica – Ghana to expand bilateral cooperation

By Donique Weston

KINGSTON, Jamaica, (JIS) – Jamaica and the Republic of Ghana are poised to deepen cooperation in key areas, including health, education, tourism and air services, following extensive bilateral discussions between the leaders of both nations.

Prime Minister Andrew Holness, held bilateral talks with Ghana’s president, His Excellency John Dramani Mahama, at the office of the prime minister in Kingston on August 3.

President Mahama is in Jamaica on a State visit through August 5. He is accompanied by Ghana’s minister of foreign affairs, Samuel Okudzeto Ablakwa, and deputy minister of Defence, Ernest Brogya Genfi.

In a media statement, Holness noted that president Mahama’s visit underscores and strengthens the long-standing diplomatic relationship between Jamaica and Ghana.

“It builds on several high-level engagements at the bilateral level between our two foreign ministers, which have resulted in the signing of an agreement for the recruitment of health professionals from the Republic of Ghana and a Memorandum of Understanding on defence cooperation, as well as the updating of the agreement on arts and culture,” the prime minister stated. He pointed out that the health cooperation agreement is already yielding benefits, with the anticipated arrival of Ghanaian nurses to help strengthen Jamaica’s healthcare system.

Holness said he was particularly encouraged by discussions on an air services agreement and opportunities to expand tourism cooperation.

“Indeed, I’m hopeful that in the very near future, we could see direct flights from [Ghana’s capital] Accra to Montego Bay,” he stated.

Highlighting last month’s Virtual Investment and New Markets Ministerial Business Mission, which formed part of a broader engagement strategy with continental Africa, Holness noted that the initiative facilitated valuable connections between Jamaican and Ghanaian companies.

“We are seeing results already in the areas of logistics, tourism, hospitality, agro-processing, ICT (information and communications technology), fintech (financial technology) and the creative industries,” he stated.

The prime minister noted that Ghana’s fintech sector is experiencing significant growth and said Jamaica could benefit from the country’s experience and expertise in this area.

“It is in this context, president, that we are happy that you will also be visiting the Port of Kingston. In the same way as Ghana is expanding your own ports and logistics operations to become the gateway to West Africa, Jamaica is also expanding all ports and logistics operations to be the gateway of the Caribbean and Latin America,” Holness stated.

He said that by strengthening connectivity between their ports, Jamaica and Ghana could provide exporters and investors on both sides of the Atlantic with a more efficient gateway to new markets.

“We can make it easier for your Ghanaian exporters to reach the Caribbean and the Americas and easier for a Jamaican exporter to reach Africa, particularly in the context of the African continental free trade area,” the prime minister added.

Jamaica places great value on its relationship with Ghana, as a trusted friend and partner with whom it shares common aspirations for sustainable development, inclusive growth, and a stronger voice for developing countries and the international community.

In his remarks, president Mahama noted that, building on their historic ties, Jamaica and Ghana have fresh opportunities to strengthen solidarity and advance the economic empowerment and prosperity of their peoples.

“We have no option but to work together… and bring our comparative advantages together to be able to create the prosperity that our people deserve,” he stated.

Citing discussions with Holness on bringing Jamaican and Ghanaian business leaders together, president Mahama said such engagement would provide a strong foundation for promoting cross-investment opportunities between both countries.

“There are many opportunities that exist here in Jamaica, and there are many opportunities that exist in Ghana. Both of us have the vision of creating our nations into hubs for our sub-regions. So, hub to hub, we can cooperate, both in investments and in terms of movement of people and services between Accra and Jamaica,” he detailed.

President Mahama indicated that he was looking forward to meeting with Jamaican business leaders to discuss investment opportunities in Ghana and, by extension, across Africa through the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA).

Meanwhile, he noted that Ghana is eager to operationalise the bilateral air services agreement with Jamaica.

“It’s currently before our parliament, and we’ll fast-track it so that it becomes operational, so that either national carriers between Jamaica and Ghana or third-party carriers can fly direct flights from Accra to Montego Bay,” he stated.

On the matter of health cooperation, president Mahama noted that discussions also explored exchange programmes under which Jamaican healthcare professionals could receive training in Ghana and return home with enhanced skills and expertise to support Jamaica’s healthcare system.

“We’re looking at exchange of teachers… physics and maths teachers, science teachers, and all that. So these are all areas that we can activate,” he informed.

President Mahama affirmed that his visit to Jamaica has thus far been highly productive and forward-looking.

“We are concluding these engagements with a clear roadmap, with a strong political will and renewed momentum to further deepen Ghana-Jamaica relations,” he added.

IOM assists 17.8 million people worldwide despite growing Humanitarian Funding Gap

GENEVA, Switzerland – More than 300 million people needed humanitarian assistance in 2025 as conflicts, disasters and displacement pushed global needs to record levels, while funding for aid fell sharply.

Despite mounting pressure across the humanitarian sector, the International Organization for Migration (IOM) reached 17.8 million people in 170 countries and territories through USD 1.7 billion in humanitarian and recovery programmes, according to figures released today.

From the Sudan and Gaza to Haiti, Myanmar and the Sahel, crises intensified throughout the year, forcing aid agencies to make increasingly difficult decisions about where limited resources could be deployed.

“2025 was a year of extraordinary pressure for the humanitarian system,” said IOM deputy director general for operations Ugochi Daniels. “Conflicts, disasters, disease outbreaks and displacement drove needs to unprecedented levels, even as resources contracted dramatically. Despite these challenges, IOM remained present where people needed us most.”

According to IOM’s 2025 Operating in Crisis Report, the Organisation provided shelter assistance to 7.3 million people, supported 5.1 million people with water, sanitation and hygiene services, delivered 4.2 million primary health consultations, and provided protection assistance to 1.5 million people. It also helped more than 760,000 people move to safety through evacuations, relocations and other forms of movement assistance.

Beyond direct assistance, IOM continued to play a key role in helping the wider humanitarian community respond to crises. Its Displacement Tracking Matrix, the world’s largest source of operational displacement data, informed 21 of 23 Humanitarian Needs and Response Plans globally in 2025, helping governments and aid organisations target assistance where it was needed most.

The report also highlights IOM’s growing work along major migration routes, tracking risks and needs across borders to help governments and partners better understand how people move during crises and where support is most urgently required.

As humanitarian needs continue to outpace available funding, the report underscores the importance of making humanitarian action more efficient, coordinated and evidence-based to ensure limited resources reach those most in need.

  • The 2025 Operating in Crisis Reportis available here.

In Somalia, AI is helping deliver food to hungry families

By Isaiah Steinberg

Amid a deepening hunger crisis in Somalia, artificial intelligence (AI) is helping to deliver aid to the people who need it most.

Although the UN’s World Food Programme (WFP) cannot reach all 6 million Somalis facing hunger, data collected by its partners and analysed through AI tools in its hunger-tracking platform HungerMap Live help the agency position resources in specific areas before conditions deteriorate.

Somalia faces climate change-induced droughts followed by flash floods and a brutal conflict that has persisted for 35 years and killed hundreds of thousands.

The Horn of Africa country also imports most of its food, exposing it to global price shocks such as the current conflict in the Middle East.

In June, WFP and the UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization (FAOadded Somalia to their list of “hunger hotspots of highest concern” alongside northeast Nigeria, joining Sudan, South Sudan, Yemen and Palestine.

“It is a very gruesome situation, and I’m very, very concerned about these next few weeks and months,” said Simon Renk, head of vulnerability, analysis and mapping for the WFP in Somalia.

Using AI in Burhakaba

In the Burhakaba District, about 180 kilometres northwest of the capital, Mogadishu, dangerously malnourished children fill local medical centres.

WFP’s humanitarian workers identified the district’s urgent need using the AI tools in HungerMap Live.

Armed with that knowledge, the agency provided food assistance to 48,000 people and nutrition support to 3,000 women and children.

“Instead of waiting for that malnutrition of children to deteriorate and lead to displacement or even death, we knew it prior,” Renk told UN News.

Old technology, new lifesaving potential

First launched in January 2020 to monitor food security in more than 90 countries, HungerMap Live is a publicly accessible platform that uses data on food insecurity, climate, economies, agriculture, inflation and more to display areas that are currently food insecure or moving in that direction.

Although that initial version of HungerMap Live used AI to estimate levels of food insecurity in countries lacking sufficient data, its ability to predict future hunger crises was limited, and it did not track the nutritional quality of diets in the countries it tracks.

Enter HungerMap Live 2.0. Released by WFP in April, the update overhauled the user interface and introduced new predictive AI features, allowing governments and WFP field offices around the world to mobilise resources and act before a crisis worsens.

“With this new version, it helps us not only to describe where hunger is but also helps us to explain why conditions are deteriorating and where they could worsen next,” Renk said.

While the data from HungerMap Live cannot replace on-the-ground assessment, it helps the WFP team in Somalia determine which communities to help first and which type of aid is most helpful to a particular community – whether it be cash assistance or specialised assistance to address malnutrition.

Prioritising aid in Somalia

In a country where six million people experience crisis levels of food insecurity, the WFP is only able to reach one in 10 people in need.

WFP’s office in Somalia requires an additional $192 million between now and January 2027 to reach everyone who needs food, Renk said.

With resources stretched thin, he said AI-powered tools help the agency decide which communities to prioritise and help cut the time between early warning and lifesaving action.

Using AI, WFP analyses predictive data on rainfall deficits, flood risk, market prices, conflict and nutrition around the world to forecast where hunger will strike next – allowing governments to take preventive action and WFP and its partners to pre-position crucial assistance.

Time is of the essence

“This platform and different solutions are not meant to make hunger more technical or abstract. What I see is fundamentally to shorten the time between an early warning and a real decision in order to protect a family and individual before it really becomes irreversible,” said Simon Renk, head of vulnerability, analysis and mapping for WFP in Somalia.

But Renk stressed that using AI to help make difficult decisions doesn’t compensate for the fact that most Somalis who need help will not be able to get it.

“It helps us to prioritise with stronger evidence,” Renk said. “But in itself, it doesn’t make the shortage of support acceptable.”

IDB Invest finances Ancalmo’s expansion to strengthen El Salvador’s Pharmaceutical Industry

WASHINGTON, USA – IDB Invest has provided financing of up to $10 million to Salvadoran pharmaceutical company Ancalmo S.A. de C.V. to expand and modernise its production capacity and strengthen its operations in El Salvador.

The financing will support the refurbishment, expansion, and installation of high-efficiency equipment at a new production facility, the acquisition of machinery and equipment, the strengthening of working capital, and other investments aimed at increasing the company’s manufacturing capacity.

The project will help strengthen local pharmaceutical production and support Ancalmo’s growth plans in El Salvador and across Central America, the Caribbean, and Mexico. It will also expand the company’s export capacity, generate formal employment, and strengthen linkages with domestic suppliers.

The financing consists of a loan of up to $10 million, comprising a committed tranche of $8 million and an uncommitted tranche of up to $2 million, with a term of up to eleven years.

“This operation reflects our commitment to supporting a strategic sector such as pharmaceuticals while fostering the growth of Salvadoran companies that create jobs, strengthen local production, and have the potential to compete in regional markets. Through this financing and our technical support, we are helping Ancalmo enter a new phase of expansion with enhanced production capabilities,” said Rodrigo Navas, director of Corporates for Central America, Haiti, Mexico, Panama, and the Dominican Republic at IDB Invest.

In addition to the financing, IDB Invest will support Ancalmo in strengthening its corporate governance practices and provide technical assistance to assess energy self-supply solutions for the new facility. The operation also includes measures to strengthen the company’s environmental and social management.

Guyana’s latest energy pacts signal a new era of Caribbean Integration

  • Recent energy partnerships spanning Jamaica, the Dominican Republic and beyond are laying the foundations for a connected Caribbean energy corridor – a key focus of Caribbean Energy Week 2027, launching in-country in Georgetown on September 1

GEORGETOWN, Guyana – Guyana and Jamaica’s decision to establish a joint energy working group marks the latest step toward a more integrated Caribbean energy market, as the region’s fastest-growing oil producer expands cooperation beyond upstream investment to include infrastructure, finance and energy security. Signed in June 2026, the four bilateral agreements commit both governments to deeper collaboration across key sectors while establishing a dedicated platform to advance energy cooperation through knowledge exchange, infrastructure development and initiatives that strengthen regional energy security. The agreements come as Guyana prepares to increase crude oil production to 1.3 million barrels per day by 2027 and 1.7 million bpd by 2030, positioning regional partnerships alongside upstream investment as a key driver of its next phase of growth.

The Jamaica agreements build on a broader strategy of regional integration already taking shape across the Caribbean. In May 2026, Guyana and the Dominican Republic signed a contract for the exploration, development and eventual production of oil and gas in the Berbice Block, formalising a strategic energy partnership first outlined in a 2023 Memorandum of Understanding. As part of the agreement, Dominican state-owned refinery Refinería Dominicana de Petróleo secured a 10% participating interest in the block, while both governments committed to expanding cooperation in refining, petrochemicals and regional energy security. The deal marks one of the Caribbean’s most significant cross-border upstream partnerships to date, extending collaboration beyond crude production into downstream industrial development.

The push for greater regional integration is also gaining traction among the Caribbean’s leading hydrocarbon producers. In February 2026, Trinidad and Tobago Energy Minister Roodal Moonilal called for deeper collaboration with Guyana and Suriname, proposing greater coordination among the region’s energy ministers to advance shared priorities across upstream development, natural gas commercialisation and energy infrastructure. Discussions highlighted opportunities to leverage Guyana’s rapidly expanding production alongside Trinidad and Tobago’s established LNG, refining and petrochemical capabilities, reinforcing the case for a more connected regional energy market.

Beyond the Caribbean, Guyana is reinforcing the international partnerships underpinning its energy expansion. In March 2025, Guyana and the United States signed a Memorandum of Understanding on security cooperation during US Secretary of State Marco Rubio’s visit, strengthening collaboration to safeguard critical infrastructure and reinforce investor confidence in the country’s rapidly expanding offshore sector. Canada has also expanded its engagement through the extension of the Caribbean-Canada Trade Agreement through 2033 and the renewal of a Memorandum of Understanding between Guyana’s ministry of finance and the Canadian Commercial Corporation, creating additional pathways for Canadian participation in infrastructure, industrial and energy development.

These agreements signal a strategic evolution in Guyana’s energy ambitions. While international oil companies continue to unlock world-class offshore resources, government-to-government partnerships are creating the policy alignment, commercial relationships and infrastructure needed to support long-term regional growth. Rather than viewing oil and gas development through a national lens, Caribbean governments are increasingly positioning the region as a connected investment destination capable of competing for global capital across the full hydrocarbon value chain.

The role of regional partnerships in shaping the Caribbean’s next phase of energy growth will be a central focus at Caribbean Energy Week 2027, held under the theme “Unlocking the Caribbean Energy Corridor: Oil, Gas, LNG & Investment for a New Global Hub.” Bringing together governments, national oil companies, international operators, financiers and investors, the conference will examine how regional partnerships are accelerating cross-border investment, strengthening energy security and creating new commercial opportunities across the Caribbean’s upstream, midstream and downstream sectors.

Ahead of the conference, an in-country launch in Guyana in September 2026 will convene regional governments, investors and industry leaders to explore the policies, partnerships and investment strategies driving the Caribbean’s emergence as one of the world’s fastest-growing energy markets.

  • Caribbean Energy Week 2027 will host its in-country launch at the Guyana Marriott Hotel in Georgetown on September 1, 2026, bringing together government officials, investors, operators and industry stakeholders for an early look at the opportunities, priorities and partnerships that will shape the region’s energy future.

Sangre Grande is full of humor

By Johnny Coomansingh

Sangre Grande, my hometown in Trinidad, is always full of humor. Growing up in ‘Grande,’ I used to see and also hear the voices of the homeless people who traversed the Eastern Main Road in Cunapo. Cunapo is the central business district (CBD) of Sangre Grande. For the words some of them said, and the things they said, regular laughter came easily. Everybody referred to them as vagrants. Sometimes I ‘stood in my shoes’ and wondered why these people ended up on the streets. On August 31, 1962, I was eight years old when Trinidad and Tobago became an independent country.

At my primary school, I received a little commemorative brass medallion and a bar of chocolate to celebrate our first Independence Day. That chocolate quickly liquified in the hot sun, and the medallion embossed with the Trinidad and Tobago Coat of Arms is buried somewhere. I was too little to understand what independence meant; so much hoopla! Confused? Yes!

On August 31, 2026, Trinidad and Tobago will be celebrating 64 years of independence. Sixty-four years and it’s apparent that we haven’t gone past our dependence on external support. That’s the economic aspect. Socially, we are still trying to fix our communities. We long for social stability. However, there is always a new batch of homeless vagrants who occupy certain areas in Grande. It is clear that despite all the billions of dollars that accrued from the exploration and exploitation of hydrocarbons, Trinidad and Tobago is saddled with a perennial social problem. Sidewalk and pavement dwellers who rummage through garbage bins for what they visualise as food are still ubiquitous. In context, please note the two highlighted lines in the calypso that Dr Leroy Calliste (Black Stalin) sang:

“1983, mih fans beg for a favour,

Ah decide to please them so ah write the soca,

Last year they come back with a different story,

They say they want something smutty about Jean or Dorothy,

Now on your fans you know your future depends,

So as sit down to write this smut only to please them,

But as ah take up meh pen and meh piece of paper,

And a write out the first verse listen what ah remember.

That oil money come, oil money go

Poor people remain on the pavement and ghetto

When ‘Mr. Divider’ start to divide the bread equally,

Yes, ah going and finish the whole damn calypso but Dorothy,

How ah jam she – in the party,

And she jam mih – in the party,

How we back back – in the party,

And we roll back – in the party,

But once my people keep fighting for an equal share of the cake,

Wait Dorothy wait Dorothy wait!”

As my memory serves me, there were quite a few drifters and pavement dwellers who were around during my childhood and early youth. My poem titled Up from the Mud relates to an extent, how Sangre Grande functioned as a town in the east of Trinidad.

The lines of poetry included the monikers of some of the homeless residents that came along. Here are the lines:

“Grande dat time was always the best,

A home for the crazies I would surely guess,

For street denizens and the homeless,

Darlin’ Boi, Speed Coil, Suckee-Tongue Sahadeo, and Bipta,

Leano Rivers, Pick-it-Up, Soe-foot Wallace, and Quamina,

Bendong, Clip-yuh-Wing, Book Belly, and Wahzay,

These folks gave you laughs at any time of night or day.”

As a former student of Northeastern College in Sangre Grande, there was always a modicum of ol’ talk at school about all these individuals and how they came to be what they were. Concerning these individuals, our imagination was rife! Discussion will surround a few of these characters.

The story was told that Darlin’ Boi, a tall strapping fellow, became seriously depressed until he lost his mind. In a tattered mess, he wandered up and down the road talking to himself. His special place for a rest was in front of the Pioneer Pharmacy. There were people who said that they could hear him grinding his teeth several meters away while he kept repeating the words: “Ah tell mih wife tuh cook rice and peas, and she cook peas and rice. I rel vex!”

Speed Coil was a lanky and lean fellow with a gaunt face. His nickname was ‘Lagoon Bird’ pronounced as ‘Lagoon Bud;’ a name that he severely disliked. Around the town, his occupation was washing vehicles. He had a five-gallon pitch-oil pan in which he carried water for washing the vehicles. After a car was completed, he would dance around the vehicle, beating his pitch-oil pan, singing repeatedly: “Lobo, lobo, lobo, lobolay” until he was satisfied. Four of my friends and I were riding a bus to Valencia when we saw Speed Coil. In chorus we shouted, “Lagoon Bud!” The bus slowed down to pick up someone, and there was Speed Coil in front of us. In our frightened state, we quickly told him that we did not call him Lagoon Bud but said instead “Lagoon Dog.” He said “okay fellas” and left us alone.

At all hours of the night, Suckee-tongue Sahadeo, ambled along the Eastern Main Road. Although the name ‘Sahadeo’ means “accompanied by God,’ some say that he was the ‘Go for’ of the Boodoo family, hence the name ‘Sahadeo.’ Suckee-tongue Sahadeo was probably the best maco (nosy person) in town. It was Suckee-tongue Sahadeo who heard noises in the Uncle Sam Bar one Saturday night and reported to the police what he heard. The police arrived and shot the alleged thief on Andre Street at point-blank range. I don’t know how true but I heard that the thief was running away with a bag of drinks (liquor) for his wedding that day. On my way to the market, I saw the bullet hole on the forehead of the man on that Sunday morning. It wasn’t a good sight for me.

Leano-Rivers was a very respectable man to everyone when he was sober. Nevertheless, ladies must pass far from him if he’s seen lying on the sidewalk in a drunken state. He was a pretty sly fellow. He would ‘sleep’ with one eye open to peep under the dresses of women when they passed by. In the middle of Grande, my big sister gave him a sound beating with a full tin of KLIM powdered milk. She arrived home with the tin full of dents. My mother asked her why the tin was so badly dented. She replied, “Leano nah.”

Pick-it-up, for whatever the reason was seriously bent over like a ‘U’ as if picking up something while he trudged along. While sitting on the sidewalk railing, on Oropouche Road, some young men in the village would lie in wait for him. Before he got too close, he would cross the road just to avoid them, but avoid them he could not. In chorus the limers would shout, “Pick-it-up! Pick it up!” And then they waited for his reply: “Ah go pick up yuh mudda so-and-so!” After Pick-it-up launched a few expletives, the laughter of the limers would be incessant for quite a few minutes.

I knew him as ‘ Wallace.’ Some knew him as ‘Soe-foot-Wallace’ because it was evident that he had a possibly incurable sore on his leg. It was what we described as a ‘wretch.’ But he had a most annoying moniker: ‘Wallace-who-dug-the hog.’ The talk was that Wallace dug up a dead hog and sold it to customers in the market. Some say that the hog meat was already turning blue. Heaven knows who bought that pork! I don’t know if it’s a made-up story, but in his drunken state, Leano Rivers accosted Wallace in the Uncle Sam Bar and asked him this question: “ Wallace, I would like to enquire of you who dug the hog?” Wallace, after vehemently slapping Leano Rivers, replied: “I dug the hog!”

The talk was that the guy we knew as Quamina was an intelligent fellow whom I heard had some monetary misfortune. This calamity drove him to be somewhat depressed and probably ‘silent mad.’ He would walk up and down the road with one sentence: “Gih mih ten cents nah.” I can’t say I know what he wanted with ten cents, but I guess that was how he managed to keep in touch with people in the community. At one time he did little odd jobs for the owner of the Red Store in Grande.

Book-belly was, as the name describes, a belly full of books. Bare-footed in clothes that needed serious laundering, he carried all his books tucked inside his upper garment. The thin, short, dark-skinned man, with curly hair, quietly walked up and down the street, never seeking to trouble anyone. He was one of the few street-dwellers who never gave any trouble. It was bandied about that his name was ‘Christopher’ and I heard that he was a scholar; quite erudite. Sometimes events and activities take a serious toll on the mind and things fall apart.

I don’t know much about Bipta. All I remember was that he was a merry old man who never saw anything as a problem. He was full of respect for everyone. Nothing bothered him. There was this night when I witnessed him making a ‘bubble’ (a pot of food) next to the Seven Oaks Bar external urinal. He lit a fire and put on the pot. In the semi-darkness, I couldn’t see exactly what he was cooking. However, I saw him squeeze two or three ripe tomatoes with his bare hands, popping them open and dropped them into the pot. Someone asked him why he did not use a knife to cut up the tomatoes. He replied quite firmly: “…is the same thing dat go happen tuh dem in the pot so why ah have tuh use ah knife.”

As I affirmed, there are newbies constantly arriving in Grande. Today, you would see strong-looking youth begging passersby for money, and yet there are odd jobs available for them to earn some much-needed cash. It could be that many are suffering from the effects of substance abuse. If they claim that they are hungry, I would prefer to buy something for them to eat rather than give them cash. It’s sad.

There is so much of this kuchoor in Grande. Sometimes the humour is too much. As an independent democratic republic, Trinidad and Tobago has to be proactive in providing treatment and safe places for such people. If you appreciated and possibly enjoyed my narratives, there will always be a next time for more stories from this raconteur.

Global Talent Visa expanded to attract world’s brightest researchers to power British innovation

  •  More than 100 innovative research companies can now support the world’s brightest researchers to come and work in the UK through the Global Talent visa.
    • Global names like AstraZeneca and JLR, as well as fast-growing innovators, will benefit from a bigger pool of leading scientists and engineers. 
    • Move cements Britain as top destination for the world’s best talent, enabling innovative businesses to scale and stay in the UK, and laying the foundations for skilled jobs and economic growth in every postcode. 

LONDON, England – An expansion of the Global Talent visa announced 6 August will give more than 100 of the UK’s most innovative companies the ability to support some of the world’s best scientists and engineers to come to live and work in the UK, unlocking a wave of international talent.

The move will help secure the arrival of some of the world’s best and brightest to drive breakthroughs in clean energy, life sciences and AI, while helping key businesses to innovate, scale and stay in the UK, in one more step towards reindustrialising Britain.

For the first time, exceptional researchers coming to the UK to work on funded projects can be supported in their move by UK research-intensive businesses thanks to the country’s premier visa route for research talent.

This move isn’t just about attracting the best researchers from around the world. Bringing in top talent from abroad will enable businesses to undertake cutting-edge R&D projects here in the UK – projects which support jobs for British workers.

Having already helped over 12,500 talented people from more than 130 countries build their research careers in Britain via the endorsed funder pathway, this expansion of the Global Talent visa route means some of the UK’s most innovative companies can now host top researchers alongside higher education, academic and independent research institutes and bodies.

World-leading talent brings the ideas, skills and investment that spark entirely new industries, spin out British companies, and create thousands of skilled jobs for workers across the UK. Welcoming the brightest minds drives good growth and opportunity for people in every part of the country, bolstering this government’s effort to make Britain better off.

The Global Talent visa recognises talented individuals at all career stages who have already proven themselves, including through a number of fast-track pathways – a leading academic appointment, a competitive fellowship, or being named on a funded research grant – so the UK can move quickly to welcome the world’s best. This comes alongside a peer-review pathway for established or potential research leaders who do not hold an eligible appointment, fellowship or research grant.

The expansion means that talented research individuals can now be supported by over 100 commercial research businesses, alongside the already approved universities and research institutes. This will include global names like AstraZeneca and Jaguar Land Rover as well as fast-growing innovators, including Added Value Solutions (AVS), Denroy Plastics and Ffilm Cymru.

These are innovators at the forefront of developing sustainable technologies of the future like nuclear fusion, creating life-changing medicines, putting Britain at the cutting edge of the car industry, and establishing the UK’s leadership in the use of technology in creative industries.

Top international talent, whose expertise is recognised through a research grant, will be empowered to boost the UK’s science and tech sector by switching to a new firm, or starting their own spin out. It means more world class researchers choosing Britain to unlock new discoveries in the technologies of the future, from life-saving medicines to quantum computing – supporting the skilled jobs and investment that fuels economic growth in every part of the country.

Research and development companies covered by the expansion each fall into the eight high-growth sectors identified in the government’s Modern Industrial Strategy – including advanced manufacturing, digital and technologies, clean energy, life sciences and the creative industries – where access to global talent is critical.

The expansion to the Global Talent visa is in addition to the change made in April to simplify the visa’s fast-track academic appointments route to cover all roles at approved UK institutions in academic, research or innovation leadership and development, and all PhD-level roles performing research and innovation as a primary function. These changes support our world-leading research base in attracting the best talent at all career stages, including researchers with high potential in the early stages of their career, to come to the UK.

In a further boost to innovative British businesses, the government is preparing to broaden the Future Technology Research and Innovation (FTRI) scheme. This is a UKRI-run scheme under the Government Authorised Exchange visa route that enables eligible UK companies, working on critical technologies, to host international researchers, scientists, interns and technical specialists for research, training and work placements of up to two years.

The forthcoming expansion will open FTRI to a wider range of R&D focused businesses, giving more companies in priority technology sectors – like AI, quantum and engineering biology – a way to tap into specialist international expertise. These could be early-career scientists gaining hands-on experience, to seasoned specialists collaborating on cutting-edge projects.

Faster, more flexible routes for early-career and experienced researchers are part of the wider government strategy to attract the world’s best to UK shores. Through the £54 million Global Talent Fund, we are helping to bring new research group leaders to the UK – driving breakthroughs in clean energy, life sciences and advanced technologies. This has brought 18 leading researchers to the UK so far, each pursuing work key to the UK’s Industrial Strategy.

This is in addition to launching the Global Talent Taskforce – a dedicated resource to identify and attract top international talent to lay down roots in the UK through a dedicated concierge service.

Global food security monitoring goes dark

  • Conflict reignited in the Middle East in late February 2026, sending energy prices sharply higher and widening macroeconomic uncertainty. The April 2026 World Food Security Outlook projects that severe food insecurity will exceed one billion people globally by 2028, with the 2030 estimate revised upward by 46 million people relative to the October 2025 outlook. Yet food-security projections have operational value only when they rest on a credible evidence base. That evidence base is weakening.

By Bo Andree, Daniel Gerszon Mahler, Umar Serajuddin and Zacharey Carmichael

A critical forecast built on eroding data

Earlier this year, the Global Report on Food Crises, which tracks Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) assessments globally, confirmed famine (IPC Phase 5) in parts of both the Gaza Strip and Sudan — the first time two famines have been recorded simultaneously since IPC reporting began. These are situations where immediate action is required to save lives. Yet the report also recorded its lowest country coverage in a decade. Of the 65 countries and territories selected for analysis, 18 had no acute food insecurity data, or no data meeting technical requirements. The report attributes these gaps to restrictions on data collection or sharing, limited funding, and insufficient priority given to data collection.

Overlaying the report’s country set with the April 2026 IPC Phase 3+ estimates suggests that around 44 million people in 2025 were living in crisis-affected areas in countries without eligible data, out of an estimated 335 million across the full sample.

Nearly one in three people living in crisis-affected areas were outside official monitoring coverage worldwide.

The same deterioration is visible across the broader humanitarian data ecosystem. The Centre for Humanitarian Data’s 2026 State of Open Humanitarian Data finds that data availability across 22 humanitarian operations fell to 68 percent, down from 74 percent the previous year. Food security was the weakest of the six categories assessed, at 46 percent.

The report found that operational capacity is also weakening. In some contexts, enumerator and key-informant networks built over many years have been disbanded. The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and the International Organization for Migration reported reductions of around 40 percent in data-related staff as of early 2026, while World Food Programme household interviews fell from 1.1 million in 2024 to 800,000 in 2025, a decline of roughly 30 percent. Preliminary reporting from West and Central Africa suggests that the erosion is continuing into 2026: in the March 2026 Cadre Harmonisé round, only two of 18 countries were able to support the IPC process with primary data collection.

These gaps matter directly for the April 2026 World Food Security Outlook, the World Bank’s most recent quarterly update on the current and projected state of global food security. Its estimates rest on three layers of evidence: macroeconomic projections, historical development indicators, and acute food-security monitoring. Each is under strain.

The Food Insecurity Experience Scale has weaker coverage in many fragile and conflict-affected settings, where deterioration in acute food-security monitoring has been sharpest. FEWS NET went offline in January 2025 following the US government’s pause on foreign assistance. The interruption lasted through June 2025 and affected both the February and June assessment cycles. As a result, only one of the three regular annual cycles informed the April 2026 preliminary estimate for 2025.

At the macroeconomic layer, the IMF outlook supplies the population, GDP growth, and inflation projections. These projections draw on Article IV consultations. When consultations cannot be conducted, governments stop reporting, or conflict prevents data collection, reliability falls and estimates must rely more heavily on alternative sources and imputation. Where official inflation data are unavailable, the partially modeled Real-Time Food Prices system helps fill gaps in the inflation series.

The historical development indicators are also under pressure. Poverty inputs come from the World Bank Group’s Poverty and Inequality Platform and depend on survey systems whose frequency and coverage have weakened. In 6 out of 10 low- and middle-income economies, the most recent poverty survey is now more than five years old.

When the underlying information is limited, statistical models have limited power, regardless of how advanced the method is. No amount of algorithmic sophistication can resolve basic uncertainty about whether conditions are changing, where they are changing, or by how much.

The cost of data deprivation

Food security projections and the underlying data architecture have informed decisions at scale. The Outlook’s financing-needs series, which estimates the cash value required to cover 25 percent of minimum energy dietary needs for the affected population, was developed to inform the IDA pandemic needs assessment. Later projections informed the World Bank Group’s crisis response, which mobilized US$45 billion across IDA economies; the IDA 21 Crisis Response Window has been activated in ten countries to date.

The same data architecture, applied at higher frequency through the Joint Monitoring Report, supported the first activation of Somalia’s National Preparedness Plan in February 2026. The activation mobilised US$50 million from the IDA Crisis Response Window for early response, complemented by a USD 35 million IDA grant for the Somalia Bulsho project and 63 million euros from the European Union. The Food and Agriculture Organization, the World Food Programme, and other partners are coordinating under the preparedness plan to protect 1.8 million children at risk of acute malnutrition.

When data systems weaken, response weakens as well. Crisis thresholds become harder to calibrate and monitor, financing needs become harder to size, and early-response decisions face larger margins of uncertainty and longer delays.

The consequences of delayed or poorly targeted responses are significant. Malnutrition in utero and during early childhood shapes lifetime outcomes, including stunting, lost schooling, lower earnings, and higher adult health risks, as documented in the World Bank Group’s 2023 Altered Destinies report. When data gaps delay response, more children pass through the critical first 1,000 days without adequate support. The cost is compounded over time through weaker human capital, smaller future economies, and lower returns on decades of development investment.

Sustaining food-security data systems — surveys, price monitoring, and assessment capacity — costs millions. The decisions they inform are measured in billions. Cutting data systems is not a cost saving. Efficiency starts with better information, not less of it.

The April 2026 World Food Security Outlook and interactive maps are publicly available through the World Bank Microdata Library.

DHS announces contract awards to strengthen department-wide counter-unmanned Aircraft Systems Capabilities

WASHINGTON, USA – The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) on Wednesday announced multiple contract awards to support Department-wide access to Counter-Unmanned Aircraft Systems (C-UAS) capabilities that help detect, track, identify, and mitigate threats posed by unauthorised or malicious unmanned aircraft systems.

The awards will provide DHS Components with a common pathway to acquire C-UAS hardware, software, and services tailored to mission needs across fixed-site, mobile, aviation, maritime, aircraft-based, and special mission environments. These capabilities support DHS’s responsibility to protect public safety, critical infrastructure, federal facilities, transportation systems, border security operations, maritime operations, and major public events.

“These awards mark an important step in strengthening DHS’s ability to respond to unauthorised and malicious unmanned aircraft systems,” said Homeland Security Secretary Markwayne Mullin. “By taking a Department-wide approach, we are improving mission readiness, supporting more consistent capabilities, and helping ensure DHS personnel have access to the right tools for the job.”

DHS Components have historically procured C-UAS capabilities through separate acquisition efforts. These awards are intended to support greater consistency, interoperability, operational flexibility, technology refresh, and lifecycle management across the Department while enabling Components to acquire solutions aligned to their specific mission requirements.

“Protecting DHS personnel, facilities, and operations requires capabilities that are reliable, interoperable, and adaptable to different mission environments,” said Chief Security Officer, DHS management directorate Justin Napolitano. “This Department-wide approach will help Components access C-UAS solutions that can support fixed-site security, mobile operations, special events, and other mission needs.”

The awarded contracts are designed to support a broad range of C-UAS capabilities, including detection, tracking, classification, identification, mitigation, command-and-control integration, training, maintenance, technical support, system integration, research and development, test and evaluation, and vendor-operated turnkey services.

“As unmanned aircraft systems become more capable and more widely available, DHS needs solutions that can adapt,” said under secretary for science and technology Pedro Allende. “This effort supports a technology refresh model that will help the Department keep pace with changing threats, emerging tools, and evolving operational requirements.”

Through these awards, DHS will be able to access solutions that address evolving unmanned aircraft system threats while supporting compliance with applicable federal requirements, including cybersecurity, aviation, communications, accessibility, and supply chain standards. The contract structure also supports future technology refresh opportunities to help DHS keep pace with rapidly changing C-UAS technologies and operational needs.

DHS Components expected to be able to use the contract include the US Secret Service, US Coast Guard, US Customs and Border Protection, US Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Transportation Security Administration, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Federal Protective Service, US Citizenship and Immigration Services, and the DHS Science and Technology Directorate.

Commonwealth youth ministers task force endorses new framework to advance youth development

    • The Commonwealth Youth Ministers Task Force has endorsed a new framework to guide the delivery of the Commonwealth Youth Programme over the next three years to advance youth development across member countries.

LONDON, England – The endorsement was made at a special meeting of the Commonwealth Youth Ministerial Task Force, held on 28 July at the Commonwealth Secretariat’s headquarters in London and online. The framework aligns the Commonwealth Youth Programme with the Commonwealth Secretariat Strategic Plan 2025–2030 and positions young people as partners and leaders in building democratic, economic and environmental resilience. It has a particular focus on creating opportunities for youth leadership, skills, entrepreneurship and digital inclusion, supported by measurable results.

The meeting was co-chaired by Rana Mashhood Ahmad Khan, chairman of the prime minister’s youth programme, Pakistan, and Moefaauouo Julius Ah Kui Tafunai, minister for Samoa’s ministry of family and social affairs.

In her welcome remarks, the Commonwealth Secretary-General, Shirley Botchwey, welcomed the endorsement and thanked ministers for their continued commitment to delivering tangible opportunities for young people.

“The strong level of support for the framework reflects our shared commitment to strengthening Commonwealth co-operation on youth development. Equally valuable are the recommendations received on implementation, financing, technical assistance and support for Small States and Small Island Developing States. These contributions have enriched the framework and will help ensure that the Commonwealth Youth Programme remains practical and responsive to the needs of our young people,” Secretary-General Botchwey said.

A welcome blueprint

Ministers welcomed the framework’s emphasis on youth mainstreaming across the pillars of the Secretariat’s Strategic Plan, while reaffirming the distinct role of the Commonwealth Youth Programme for youth development. They also endorsed a focused portfolio of high-impact initiatives designed to strengthen inclusive youth participation, youth entrepreneurship, access to finance, digital capabilities and skills development.

Rana Mashhood Ahmad Khan, co-chair of the Commonwealth Youth Ministerial Task Force, said:

“Our discussions have provided valuable strategic guidance on the Commonwealth Youth Programme Strategic Framework (2026-2030) and reaffirmed our collective commitment to strengthening youth development across the Commonwealth.”

Addressing the meeting, Moefaauouo Julius Ah Kui Tafunai, co-chair of the Commonwealth Youth Ministerial Task Force, said:

“As co-chair, I thank you for the wisdom, purpose and collective resolve you brought to our discussions. We affirmed our commitment to a Commonwealth Youth Programme that is strategic, collaborative and accountable—one that places young people at the centre and delivers measurable outcomes. Samoa remains committed to working with the Commonwealth and all member states to expand meaningful opportunities for young people.”

During deliberations, ministers called for an implementation plan that reflects the recommendations submitted by member countries and is supported by a strengthened monitoring, evaluation, and learning framework.

Ministers also noted the proposed Commonwealth Youth Programme Strategic Co-Investment Model, designed to mobilise additional resources and partnerships while preserving the Programme’s existing mandate, governance arrangements and institutional status.

Ministers received updates on the upcoming Commonwealth Youth Forum (CYF), which will take place from 2 to 4 November 2026 at the University of the West Indies Five Islands Campus in St John’s, Antigua and Barbuda alongside the 2026 Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM); and preparations for the 11th Commonwealth Youth Ministers Meeting in 2027.

Recommendations and next steps

Ministers reaffirmed their commitment to advancing the Commonwealth youth development agenda, with a strong focus on empowering young people to lead, contribute and help shape a more sustainable and prosperous future. They expressed deep appreciation to the Commonwealth Secretary-General for her continued commitment to young people across the Commonwealth.

The meeting closed with a renewed commitment to collaboration, with participants recognising the continued leadership of the Commonwealth Youth Programme and the Commonwealth Secretariat, and the valuable contributions of all those who supported the meeting’s success.

The Secretariat will finalise the implementation plan for the framework, incorporating recommendations from member countries and the Task Force.

The Commonwealth Youth Ministerial Task Force brings together ministers and senior officials from The Bahamas, Cyprus, The Gambia, India, Kenya, Namibia, Naoero, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Sierra Leone, Saint Lucia and Uganda, together with representatives of the Commonwealth Youth Council (CYC) and the Commonwealth Association of Youth Work Associations (CAYWA), to provide strategic guidance on Commonwealth youth development priorities and on the delivery of commitments made by member countries.

Related Links

Document

Commonwealth Youth Ministerial Task Force Outcome Document.pdf

Commission Convened by ECLAC presents proposals for Latin America and the Caribbean to thrive in the new geopolitical era

SANTIAGO, Chile – The Commission on Geopolitics, Globalization and Development for Latin America and the Caribbean, convened in late 2024 by José Manuel Salazar-Xirinachs, executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), today presented its report, Ruptures and Opportunities: Proposals for Latin America and the Caribbean to Thrive in the New Geopolitical Era, at a high-level event held at the United Nations entity’s headquarters in Santiago, Chile.

The Commission, co-chaired by former President of Chile, Michelle Bachelet and former President of Colombia, Iván Duque, brings together 13 distinguished figures from Latin America and the Caribbean, North America, Africa, Asia and Europe, who participated in their personal capacities and on an ad honorem basis. The Commission’s work was undertaken with the support of United Nations secretary-general António Guterres.

The report’s central message is that the world has changed and that Latin America and the Caribbean has the assets needed to navigate this new geopolitical era successfully. The Commission identified eight ruptures that are reshaping the global order and are unfolding simultaneously:

  1. Globalisation reconfigured: from economic efficiency to security. Economic interdependence, once celebrated and viewed as a source of stability and efficiency, is increasingly viewed as a source of vulnerability and is being used as an instrument of power and coercion.
  2. The erosion of multilateralism and the reconfiguration of global governance. The post-war multilateral system is weakening, and what is emerging is a more fragmented form of governance, characterised by selective alliances and competing platforms.
  3. From unipolar hegemony to multipolar competition. The world is transitioning from a unipolar system dominated by the United States to one of asymmetric multipolar competition.
  4. Soft power reconfigured. Soft power is becoming increasingly important as a component of States’ global presence. The soft power of the United States is declining, while that of China is on the rise.
  5. Global decline of democracy and rising political polarisation. The erosion of democracy is accompanied by growing political polarisation worldwide. The proportion of countries classified as liberal democracies is declining.
  6. Disinformation and the crisis of truth in the age of AI. Disinformation, algorithmic manipulation and the malicious use of artificial intelligence are undermining trust in institutions, fuelling polarisation and weakening democratic legitimacy.
  7. Backlash against women’s rights, gender equality and inclusion. Advances achieved in these areas over recent decades are facing growing contestation and, in some contexts, reversal.
  8. End of the global climate consensus.Climate action is increasingly being subordinated to national industrial strategies, energy security concerns and geopolitical competition. In some sectors, the scientific consensus is being questioned.

Against this backdrop, the Commission maintains that the region has a set of assets whose strategic value has increased in the current geopolitical context. These include its abundant natural resource endowments; its productive, human and financial capabilities; the size of its market; its status as a region free of nuclear weapons and inter-state wars; and its intangible assets (soft power). These assets provide the region with a significant opportunity to advance its development and enhance its international presence and influence.

The report notes, however, that these assets will not spontaneously translate into development gains: this will require clear strategies, strong institutions and effective governance. To that end, ten recommendations organised around three pillars are presented: seizing the moment by activating strategic assets; strengthening governance, institutions and democracy; and energising international and regional agency.

The report highlights that Latin America and the Caribbean account for 46 percent of global lithium reserves, 35 percent of copper reserves, 28 percent of graphite reserves and 23 percent of rare earth reserves. The region is also the world’s largest net food-exporting region, hosts nearly half of the planet’s terrestrial biodiversity and one third of its freshwater resources, and has the world’s cleanest electricity matrix. The report also notes that the regional market, with more than 660 million people, can serve as an engine of productive diversification. However, intraregional trade currently accounts for only 14 percent of the region’s total goods exports, one of the lowest rates globally.

José Manuel Salazar-Xirinachs, executive secretary of ECLAC, said that the title of the report encapsulated its main message: the ruptures suggest that the world had changed, and that, in turn, called for a new playbook to seize the opportunities through innovative development and international engagement strategies. The 10 ten proposals presented in the report provide a concrete road map for mobilising assets to generate development gains and strengthen the international presence of the countries of the region.

The report states that none of the recommendations can be implemented without effective governance and strong institutions, and points to the need to strengthen the fiscal capacity of the State and to address organised crime as a regional governance priority, and not only as a security issue.

Michelle Bachelet, former president of Chile and co-chairperson of the Commission, said that the region’s wealth lies not only beneath the ground and on the land, but also in its people and industries. She said that Latin America and the Caribbean has productive, human and financial capabilities that deserve to be valued for their full worth and great potential. The region also has political influence, although this is not always easy to recognise or understand, and its diversity, cultural heritage, influence and visibility in the world give it a form of influence that it must learn to harness.

The report underscores that regional cooperation can be a powerful tool for transforming assets into development gains, and that it does not require unanimity. Given the high degree of political polarisation in the region, the recommendation is to prioritise functional cooperation among countries willing to move forward on specific issues, with clear objectives, time frames and responsibilities.

The report also notes that expanding the region’s international influence requires avoiding rigid alignments in the rivalry between China and the United States and, instead, building variable-geometry coalitions with partners that share specific interests. It also highlights the need to develop new geopolitical analysis capabilities across government, business and academia.

Iván Duque, former president of Colombia and Co-Chairperson of the Commission, said that the challenge is to strengthen the region’s capacity to diversify its partnerships and defend its strategic interests. A region capable of acting collectively is better positioned to maintain mutually beneficial relations with the world’s major powers without becoming subordinate to any of them. The proposal, he added, is neither directed against any country nor aligned with any particular bloc, but seeks instead to create space for the region to act and make its own decisions.

Can APEC’s new trade policy tool help design better measures?

By Sylwyn C. Calizo Jr. and Chang Yan Rong

Non-tariff measures (NTMs) affect around 80 percent of trade in the APEC region, making how they are designed critical to how trade flows.

These measures, which include regulations or requirements other than tariffs, are often introduced to protect consumers, ensure safety or support broader public policy objectives.

As economies seek to address public priorities, NTMs have become increasingly important policy tools. Their use has expanded alongside more complex supply chains and higher regulatory expectations. Based on the Global Trade Alert database, the number of measures in force across APEC has practically tripled to around 23,587 measures over the last decade.

Presence alone does not necessarily mean that there are problems. Yet, measures that are poorly designed or coordinated could turn into trade barriers by disrupting supply chains, delaying deliveries and increasing costs for businesses and consumers.

The challenge is even greater when multiple economies apply different rules, technical regulations and standards. Differences in regulatory approaches across economies can create friction, adding to the cost and uncertainty of trade.

Complex challenges require collaborative solutions

Addressing this complexity requires coordination. When economies face competing priorities, shared principles can provide a common basis for action.

In 2018, APEC economic leaders did this by endorsing the cross-cutting principles on NTMs covering areas such as transparency, trade restrictiveness, commitments to the World Trade Organization (WTO), international standards, treatment of imported products, and innovation. These principles, the first of its kind in APEC, have guided economies in developing and implementing NTMs.

As trade and regulatory environments grow more complex, additional guidance becomes needed. Ensuring that these principles are applied consistently and effectively reduces the extent to which NTMs act as unintended barriers to trade.

As additional guidance, APEC has endorsed a new trade policy tool: the Best Practice Guidelines to Apply the APEC Cross-cutting Principles on NTMs. Rather than restating these principles, the guidelines translate them into a structured set of questions to help policymakers assess how measures are designed and implemented in practice.

These questions prompt officials to consider when to notify trading partners, how to consult stakeholders and assess whether less trade-restrictive alternatives are available. They also reinforce transparency obligations, including timely notifications to relevant WTO committees and opportunities for trading partners to review and comment.

The guidelines further encourage policymakers to assess measures before and after implementation, helping ensure they remain aligned with policy objectives and international commitments.

By improving transparency and predictability, the tool helps reduce uncertainty for businesses and consumers. It also supports more effective engagement with stakeholders, including industry groups and consumer protection groups.

How can this tool improve policy design in practice?

Consider an outbreak of avian influenza. Import bans may be imposed on poultry products exposed to infection to protect human health and food safety.

In highly integrated supply chains, this disruption can extend beyond the immediate sector, affecting downstream industries and cross-border production networks. This highlights the importance of designing measures that achieve policy objectives while minimizing unintended trade effects.

Rather than prescribing a single solution, the guidelines encourage policymakers to work through a series of practical questions before introducing a measure.

The first step is to define the policy objective. In this case, the objective is to ensure that imported poultry products are free from avian influenza. Questions under the principle of non-arbitrary and justifiable treatment encourage authorities to ensure that any differential treatments of imported products are based on legitimate and evidence-based reasons, such as sanitary and phytosanitary risks.

The guidelines then encourage policymakers to consider whether the proposed measure is no more trade restrictive than necessary to achieve that objective.

For example, authorities could rely on internationally recognized testing or certification standards as to demonstrate compliance, or to limit import restrictions to affected regions rather than applying a blanket ban.

By considering alternative approaches, policymakers may be able to reduce procedural burden and compliance costs while still protecting public health.

Finally, the guidelines emphasize transparency and stakeholder engagement throughout the process. Policymakers are encouraged to provide clear and timely information, consult affected stakeholders where appropriate and fulfil relevant WTO notifications obligations. This builds trust and gives businesses and consumers better understanding on how long the measures are expected to remain in place.

Ambassador Ronald Sanders delivers diplomatic note to Marco Rubio

WASHINGTON, USA – The government of Antigua and Barbuda has taken a further diplomatic step in its efforts to secure a review by the United States of the visa restrictions and Visa Bond Program affecting nationals of Antigua and Barbuda.

Antigua and Barbuda’s ambassador to the United States, Sir Ronald Sanders, yesterday delivered a diplomatic note to United States Secretary of State, Marco Rubio, requesting an early review of the measures. This follows a personal letter from prime minister Gaston Browne to United States president Donald J. Trump requesting that he direct such a review.

PM Gaston Browne seeks review of US Visa Restrictions and Visa Bond Measures

The diplomatic note refers to the recent publication by the United States Department of State of the final rule establishing the permanent Visa Bond Program that initially affects Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica and Grenada in the CARICOM area. It points out that the department has explained that the program is intended to encourage foreign governments to strengthen cooperation with the United States in areas including information sharing, identity verification, screening and vetting, document security and compliance with United States immigration requirements.

The Note advises Secretary Rubio that Antigua and Barbuda has responded positively and constructively to those objectives by implementing a series of measures to address concerns previously raised by the United States. It submits that the publication of the final rule provides an appropriate opportunity for the Department of State to assess whether those objectives have now been substantially achieved in relation to Antigua and Barbuda and whether the country’s continued inclusion in the Visa Bond Program and the related visa measures remains necessary.

The government has therefore respectfully requested Secretary Rubio to undertake an early review of those measures. The government believes that having responded positively to the concerns previously expressed by the United States and having substantially achieved the objectives identified by the Department of State in its final rule, Antigua and Barbuda’s continued inclusion in the current measures warrants an early review.

Prime Minister Gaston Browne said that the diplomatic note, conveyed by ambassador Sanders, forms part of the government’s continuing engagement with the United States at the highest levels.

“Our government has consistently responded in good faith to concerns raised by the United States and has taken practical measures to address them. We believe it is now appropriate for those actions to be recognised through an early review of the restrictions that continue to affect our citizens. Our objective remains the further strengthening of the longstanding friendship and cooperation between Antigua and Barbuda and the United States.”